Research and Innovation

Advancing a Different Modernism analyzes a long-ignored but formative aspect of modern architecture and art. By examining selective buildings by the Catalan architect Lluís Domènech i Montaner (1850-1923) and by the Slovenian designer Jože Plecnik (1872-1957), the book reveals the fundamental political and ideological conservatism that helped shape modernism’s history and purpose. This study thus revises the dominant view of modernism as a union of progressive forms and progressive politics. Instead, this innovative volume promotes a nuanced and critical consideration of how architecture was creatively employed to advance radically new forms and methods, while simultaneously consolidating an essentially conservative nationalist self-image.

While mapping his biography from his childhood in Peru to his death in the Marquesas Islands, Paul Gauguin (1848-1903) examines his artistic development through the style and content of specific works at the intersection of his personal experiences and spiritual transformation. As it tracks the evolution of his career from a self-taught Sunday painter to a seminal force shaping the direction of modern art, it explores how his unorthodox approach to materials and techniques stimulated his radical innovations—mutually reinforced by his experiments as painter, sculptor, ceramist, draftsman, printmaker, and author. 

Professor Shannon's 2017 book, The Recording Machine: Art and Fact During the Cold War (Yale University Press) offers a new understanding of the transformation of the visual arts around 1968. Uncovering a stringent realism in the period's art, this book traces many artists' rejection of essential truths in favor of mere facts and surface appearances. Dubbing this tendency factualism, Shannon illuminates its relationship to the Cold War's preoccupation with data as well as the longer rise of a pervasive culture of fact. The book focuses on the United States and West Germany, closely reading works ranging from conceptual photography and earthworks to photorealist painting and abstraction. The Recording Machine is the winner of a Terra Foundation for American Art International Publication Grant.

The significance of the sculptural decoration of the Athenian Treasury at Delphi has long been debated. This article demonstrates that the sculptural program is not only an early example of a newfound emphasis on Theseus as the particular hero of Athens, but that it is indicative of an effort to create visual parity between the deeds of Theseus and those of Herakles. The Athenian Treasury is, therefore, the first building to use mythic imagery involving Theseus, Herakles, and their battles against the Amazons as a sophisticated allusion to conflict with Persia and to the decisive role of Athens at the Battle of Marathon in 490 BCE. The mythological themes elaborated in the treasury's decoration ingeniously predicate ancient parallels for contemporary events. My reevaluation of the Athenian Treasury's decoration invites us to reassess the intersections between art, life, and myth in the aftermath of momentous world events like Marathon.

How have Blacks been understood in Japan and represented in Japanese art? What role did the representation of Blacks perform in the construction of Japan’s own racialized identity vis-a-vis both blackness and whiteness? How did the Japanese artistic diaspora in the United States, as part of an Asian minority subject to discrimination—including Japanese and Japanese-Amerian incarceration during World War II—approach the subject? Covering a period of approximately two hundred years, from the early 19th century to the early 21st century, this essay is the first study of its kind and provides a basis for the consideration of the racialized nature of Japanese art and modern art more generally.

Modernism in Havana reached its climax during the turbulent years of the 1950s as a generation of artists took up abstraction as a means to advance artistic and political goals in the name of Cuba Libre. During a decade of insurrection and, ultimately, revolution, abstract art signaled the country's cultural worldliness and its purchase within the international avant-garde. This pioneering book offers the first in-depth examination of Cuban art during that time, following the intersecting trajectories of the artist groups Los Once and Los Diez against a dramatic backdrop of modernization and armed rebellion. Abigail McEwen explores the activities of a constellation of artists and writers invested in the ideological promises of abstraction, and reflects on art's capacity to effect radical social change. Featuring previously unpublished artworks, new archival research, and extensive primary sources, this remarkable volume excavates a rich cultural history with links to the development of abstraction in Europe and the Americas.

Unlike the work of his contemporaries Rubens and Caravaggio, who painted on a grand scale, seventeenth-century Flemish painter Jan Brueghel’s tiny, detail-filled paintings took their place not in galleries but among touchable objects. This first book-length study of his work investigates how educated beholders valued the experience of refined, miniaturized artworks in Baroque Europe, and how, conversely, Brueghel’s distinctive aesthetic set a standard—and a technique—for the production of inexpensive popular images.

As one of the most widely reproduced sculptures of the nineteenth century,
Hiram Powers's Greek Slave was a landmark statue defined in relation to its own reproduction.
This article considers how the popularity of The Greek Slave at exhibition turned the statue into
a ubiquitous subject for a wide range of reproductive media including prints, calotypes,
daguerreotypes, stereoviews, statuettes, and even textiles. It explores these reproductive
representations as sites of sculptural display that shaped the experience of the statue for vast
and varied audiences and as self-reflexive and interpretative responses to the dissemination of
a shackled nude across the transatlantic Victorian world.

Read More (URL): https://www.19thc-artworldwide.org/summer16/korobkin-on-the-greek-
slave-and-materialities-of-reproduction

For the Spring 2016 issue of Art Journal, I edited a collection of essays and a roundtable discussion concerning issues of diversity in higher education. In my introduction, I argue that the complex experience of identity in the contemporary world has yet to produce a truly intersectional scholarship—that is, one that considers the relationships among gender, race, ability, and so forth, as well as how the theoretical frameworks from one particular camp (e.g., queer studies) might be mobilized by scholars outside that field. The very terms that we seek to expand begin to constrain us and even potentially reinforce the marginality of those positions we hope to move to the center of our art making and our scholarship.

Lo Ch'ing is one of China's foremost contemporary poet-painters. Despite the differences in their circumstances, many contemporary Chinese painters share one common trait: they have been stimulated by contact with contemporary Western art, but they did not merely imitate it; instead, they have rediscovered the abstract and expressionistic possibilities in their own tradition. It is in this sense that they are heirs to the great tradition of Chinese painting. Through their synthesis of the theories, techniques and styles of traditional literati painting in their own work, they were able to achieve innovation that enriched the tradition. These artists exemplify one of the best ways to be contemporary Chinese artist. Lo Ch'ing has internalized such conflicting state of tradition and modernity (or even post-modernity, if you will) in his work. The 'Chinese tradition' takes a not so subtle turn in the Taiwanese environment. Indeed, Taiwan was, incidentally, the most curious and embracing place for matters of experimental nature, particularly during late 1970's to 1980's when Lo Ch'ing rose to fame. The rise of industrialization, post-industrialization, and curious issue of Taiwan's cultural identity created a nurturing and controversial ground for creative talents. Industrialization and post-industrialization are subjects of Lo Ch'ing's work. Certainly, there is an oddity in Lo Ch'ing's depiction of alien saucers and floating rocks and mountains, yet Lo Ch'ing's work presents a fresh curiosity that had not been explored in the practice of in painting precisely for that reason. Scholars often used the phrase 'reinvention of the Chinese landscape' to describe and define Lo Ch'ing's work and his motivation behind it, and it's not entirely correct. To put it in correct historical term, however, it was not the artist who industrialized the landscape, not to mention one can easily argue that the urban landscape of Taiwan is one that is drastically different than landscapes in China. Lo Ch'ing's work has a heightened sense of awareness in its presentation of any subject in this matter, and that Lo Ch'ing's work is very conscious of the environment that its content was derived from. Urbanity, interestingly enough, would be an idea that is in opposition to the tradition of Chinese literati landscape painting, for it means the destruction of nature.